o:488009 Italia e Giappone: dal Patto Anticomintern alla dichiarazione di guerra del luglio 1945 Inquiete convergenze, geopolitica, diplomazia, conflitti globali e drammi individuali (1934-1952) it Nell’Era dei regimi totalitari il rapporto tra Italia e Giappone, pesantemente influenzato dall’ingombrante presenza tedesca, fu reciprocamente ambiguo: il nippofilo Mussolini diffidava, in realtà, dell’alleato orientale, e l’armistizi dell’8 settembre 1943 confermò tragicamente, alla fine, i costanti dubbi nipponici su un’Italia dove, successivamente (luglio 1945), il Governo democratico presieduto da Parri si sarebbe spinto a dichiarar guerra all’ex alleato, poco prima della conferenza di Potsdam. Per tentar di risollevare le sorti politico-diplomatiche dell’Italia sconfitta, Parri e i suoi, non senza affanni, presero la decisione di schierarsi contro il Giappone: l’inattesa resa giapponese vanificò la spericolata scelta, che sarebbe tuttavia ingeneroso banalizzare. Nel nuovo contesto della Guerra Fredda, ripristinare normali relazioni tra i due paesi, pur dopo una guerra non combattuta, si rivelò assai difficoltoso, dagli inizi (1951-52) e per un lungo ventennio di sfibranti trattative. Collana: Ca' Foscari Japanese Studies 20. Sottocollana: History and Society 4. This book is a documentary analysis of an event that has received little attention in existing historiography: the Italian declaration of war on Japan, with effect from July 15, 1945, when the Italian government, with American approval, decided to create a fait accompli. The goal was to regain some space in the international policy on the eve of the Potsdam Conference and in view of the establishment of the United Nations, which would be attended firstly by the countries that had declared war on the Axis nations. The attempt did not go well: in fact, Italy started from the difficult position of a defeated country, even if, in the role of a co-belligerent nation (according to the Armistice dictate), Italy had offered commendable and sincere proofs in the fight against Nazi-fascism, both with the resistance struggle and with the reborn national army. Un-like France, which had no less faults (Vichy!), Italy had however begun the war on the wrong side, and this could not be forgiven, even after the great will of fighting the last power of the Axis still at war. The unexpected, sudden closure of the conflict in East Asia played against the extreme war gesture of Italy: the Americans had decided to take a radical step (the atomic bombs) after the Japanese refusal of the Potsdam ultimatum, as they estimated the expected invasion of the Japanese archipelago too burdensome in terms of casualties. The sudden conclusion of the war put an end to the Italian attempts to organise their own Far East expedition, which perhaps, in symbolic terms, could also have been developed. It is particularly ungenerous, as was done up to now, to ridicule or trivialise the choice of the Government in Rome, made by policy makers like Ferruccio Parri and Alcide De Gasperi, both above suspicions. The book starts from the analysis of the relations between Italy and Japan, up to the Tripartite Pact with Germany, and by reconstructing the story of the arrest and detention of the Italian diplomatic mission in Japan after 8 September 1943, an unprecedented episode, at that time, in the history of international relations, in order to arrive at the long ‘political’ preparation of the declaration of war on Japan, and it also addresses the difficult consequences of that really peculiar postwar period. Series: Ca' Foscari Japanese Studies 20. Sub-series: History and Society 4. Italian-Japanese relations (1934-45). Tripartite Pact (1940-45). World WarII. Italy: September 8, 1943. Potsdam Conference and Italy (1945). Italy’s declaration of war on Japan (July 15, 1945). Italian diplomats interned in Japan (1943-45). End of the state of war between Italy and Japan (1951-52). 1552099 10.30687/978-88-6969-568-1 1552100 978-88-6969-569-8 1552100 978-88-6969-568-1 2022-11-08T11:04:13.632Z 44 yes 1552095 Massimo Gusso application/pdf 45170108 http://phaidra.cab.unipd.it/o:488009 no yes 16 70 UNIVEEDITORIA Edizioni_cafoscari 1459 p Ca’ Foscari Japanese Studies / History and Society 20 / 4 Venezia Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Venice University Press 2022-09-14 https://polovea.sebina.it/SebinaOpac/resource/italia-e-giappone-dal-patto-anticomintern-alla-dichiarazione-di-guerra-del-luglio-1945/VEA3285475